Antenna Fundamentals
Introduction
Antennas are device designed to radiate electromagnetic energy efficiently in a prescribed manner. It is the current distributions on the antennas that produce the radiation. Usually these current distributions are excited by transmission lines or waveguides.
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Antenna Parameters
Poynting Vector and Power Density
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Note that Poynting vector is a real vector. Its magnitude gives the instantaneous or average power density of the electromagnetic wave. Its direction gives the direction of the power flow at that particular point